All posts by admin

Potential Risk of CVE

FusionAuth 1.10 Remote Command Execution – JAN 2020

Preface: The biggest differentiator between CIAM and regular (internal) IAM is that in CIAM the consumers of the service manage their own accounts and profile data.

Background: FusionAuth provides all of the features you need without the need to code plugins or purchase an enterprise license. It also capable for SaaS architecture provides maximum flexibility when it comes to deployment. You can also choose the type of database to use and the OS to install on.

Vulnerability details: Who have privileges to modify templates, instead of system admin or root. They can exploit this feature to conduct a Remote Command Execution. Vendor has alert to the user with the following statement. BE CAREFUL! this tag, depending on use, may allow you to set something up so that users of your web application could run arbitrary code on your server. This can only happen if you allow unchecked GET/POST submissions to be used as the command string in the exec tag.

Remedy: This vulnerability has been fixed in version 1.11 of FusionAuth.

Under our observation

Are there other similarly vulnerability component like ws2ifsl.sys in Windows?

Preface: You found an error in somewhere, sometimes will be expanded your idea of thinking.

Synopsis: Ws2ifsl.sys is found in the C:\Windows\System32\drivers directory. In many cases, a driver creates a symbolic link and its name can be used as a file name for CreateFileA, but this is not the case with ws2ifsl. It only calls nt!IoCreateDevicewith the DeviceName set to ‘\Device\WS2IFSL’. IoCreateDevice creates a device object and returns a pointer to the object. The caller is responsible for deleting the object when it is no longer needed by calling IoDeleteDevice.

Vulnerability details: An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists in the way that ws2ifsl.sys (Winsock) handles objects in memory, aka ‘Windows Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability’. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-1253, CVE-2019-1278, CVE-2019-1303.

Patch analysis: According to Microsoft patched version (10.0.18362.356). We can see the patched features:
– CreateProcessFile
– Delivery closed
– Signal cancelled
– Signal requirements
– RequestRundownRoutine
– CancelRundownRoutine

Under my observation: If a device name is not supplied (that is, DeviceName is NULL), the device object created by IoCreateDevice will not (and cannot) have a discretionary access control list (DACL) associated with it. Do you think this issue will give an oppuntunity let attacker to exploit?

Potential Risk of CVE

CVE-2020-2696 Local privilege escalation via CDE dtsession – JAN 2020

Technical Background: How to manages a CDE session? The dtsession command provides session management functionality, compliant with ICCCM 1.1, during a user session, from login to logout. It starts a window manager and allows users to save a session, restore a session, lock a session, start screen savers, and allocate colors for desktop-compatible clients.

Vulnerability details: A buffer overflow in the CheckMonitor() function in the Common Desktop. It allows local users to gain root privileges via a long palette name passed to dtsession in a malicious .Xdefaults file (CVE-2020-2696).

  • All Official Ubuntu variants 12.04 – 18.04
  • Debian 6, 7, 8, 9
  • Fedora 17 at least
  • Archlinux
  • Red Hat
  • Slackware 14.0
  • OpenBSD
  • NetBSD
  • FreeBSD 9.2, 10.x, 11.x
  • openSUSE Tumbleweed (gcc7)
  • openSUSE Leap 4.2 (gcc4)
  • SUSE 12 SP3 (gcc4)
  • Solaris, OpenIndiana

Remedy: The open source CDE 2.x version have issued the following patches for this vulnerability:

https://sourceforge.net/p/cdesktopenv/mailman/message/36900154/

https://sourceforge.net/p/cdesktopenv/code/ci/6b32246d06ab16fd7897dc344db69d0957f3ae08/

Application Development

NewsOne design weakness – Arbitrary File Upload (18th Jan 2020)

Preface: Arbitrary File Upload but require regular user sign in. Perhaps it lose the access control!

Product description: NewsOne is a web based application and fully responsive news & magazine script. Anyone can start your own media/press website with just few clicks without any codding knowledge.

Vulnerability details: Auth as a regular user. Go to specify URL (see attached diagram) and upload any file you want via <input type=”file” name=”user_image”> field. From security point of view, An attacker can use this vulnerability to perform a variety of malicious activities, including defacement, disclosure, and malware infection.

Remedy : Waiting for vendor announcement

Potential Risk of CVE, Public safety

MS CryptoAPI spoofing flaw – 15th Jan 2020

Preface: We are all scared of Ransomware!

Background: crypt32.dll is a type of DLL file, with extension of .dll. It is associated with Crypto API32 and is used to run Crypto API32 based applications. Certain sophisticated video games and software applications use crypt32.dll to get access to certain API functionality, as provided by Windows.

Vulnerability details: The bug exploits crypt32.dll signature verification on elliptic curve. crypt32.dll only checks for matching public key and parameters, but not the generator G. An attacker could use your public certificate without owning its private key, combined with some other code-signing certificate issued to someone else, to bypass a publisher check this way.

Special comment: Do you think this vulnerability has relationship with surveillance program?

NSA Official announcement – https://media.defense.gov/2020/Jan/14/2002234275/-1/-1/0/CSA-WINDOWS-10-CRYPT-LIB-20190114.PDF

Potential Risk of CVE

Return to basis – access control (CVE-2020-3941) – Jan 2020

Preface: A race condition allows an attacker to access a shared resource, which can lead to an attack by other participants using the resource.

Background: VMware Tools is a set of services and modules that enable several features in VMware products for better management of, and seamless user interactions with, guests operating systems.

Vulnerability details: The attacker can exploit this vulnerability because standard user entitled write permission from the directory. Apart from that this Common Agent Framework (CAF) subdirectory inherit the priviliges access control.

Remedy: To remediate this issue, it is recommended to upgrade VMware Tools to 11.0.0 or later.
However, if upgrading is not possible, exploitation of this issue can be prevented by correcting the ACLs on “C:\ProgramData\VMware\VMware CAF” directory in the Windows guests running VMware Tools 10.x.y versions. In order to correct ACLs for this directory, remove all write access permissions for Standard User from the directory.

Disable inheritance, remove all inherited permissions, grant “Full control” to local System account and Administrators group Correct the ACL from the Windows UI via Properties of the directory.

Official announcement: Please refer to URL – https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2020-0002.html

Potential Risk of CVE

Path traversal attack poses a major risk to web application security. Do not contempt! Jan 2020.

Technical background: A layer 7 load-balancer takes routing decision based on IPs, TCP or UDP ports or any information it can get from the application protocol (mainly HTTP). It is a Linux operating system based of machine. HTTP and HTTPS are the predominant Layer 7 protocol for website traffic on the Internet. A path traversal attack (also known as directory traversal) aims to access files and directories that are stored outside the web root folder.

Vulnerability: An issue was discovered in Citrix Application Delivery Controller (formly Netscaler) and Gateway 10.5, 11.1, 12.0, 12.1, and 13.0. They allow Directory Traversal. If this vulnerability exploited, could allow an unauthenticated attacker to perform arbitrary code execution. The fact is that it will impact the back end, perhaps it is a web portal or web server cluster. The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has released a utility to conduct a test on specific product.

For more details, please refer to url. https://github.com/cisagov/check-cve-2019-19781

Potential Risk of CVE

CVE-2020-1603 vulnerability filed by Juniper, as a matter of fact, it includes all the routing product who make use of linux base OS – 12th Jan 2020

Preface: kdump is a feature of the Linux kernel that creates crash dumps in the event of a kernel crash. When triggered, kdump exports a memory image (also known as vmcore) that can be analyzed for the purposes of debugging and determining the cause of a crash.

Vulnerability details: Improper handling of specific IPv6 packets sent by clients mbuf and let memory leak occurs. This memory leak eventually leads to a kernel crash (vmcore), or the device hanging and requiring a power cycle to restore service, creating a Denial of Service (DoS) condition.

Official announcement and remedy solution:https://kb.juniper.net/InfoCenter/index?page=content&id=JSA10982&cat=SIRT_1&actp=LIST

Additional possibilities – handling IPv6 packet design weakness

a. The server side sets IPV6_RECVPKTINFO on a listening socket, and the client side just sends a message to the server. Then the kernel panic occurs on the server.

b. net.ipv6.conf.eth0.max_addresses=16 It is not recommended to set this value too large (or to zero) because it would be an easy way to crash the kernel by allowing too many addresses to be created.

Potential Risk of CVE

is it a scenario replay of cve-2019-15975 & cve-2019-15976?

Preface: REST APIs are stateless. Stateful APIs do not adhere to the REST architectural style.

Background: SOAP is a protocol, and REST is an architectural style. A REST API can actually utilize the SOAP protocol, just like it can use HTTP. The Cisco Fabric Automation REST APIs for third party applications enables you to programmatically control Cisco Fabric Automation. All the REST API operations can also be performed using the DCNM GUI as DCNM uses these REST APIs to render the GUI.

Remark: From Release 10.0(1), by default, the Cisco DCNM supports HTTPS only.

Security Focus: Cisco Data Center Network Manager Authentication Bypass Vulnerabilities

Vulnerability Details:
CVE-2019-15975 – Cisco Data Center Network Manager REST API Authentication Bypass Vulnerability
CVE-2019-15976 – Cisco Data Center Network Manager SOAP API Authentication Bypass Vulnerability

If hacker already conducted infiltration to specific workstation before DCNM install. It will make this attack scenario straight forward. Because the network traffic before reach SSL tunnel not require any man-in-the-middle technique can capture the traffic. So it is easy to capture all the details through your web browser.
The design defect retain a secret key in end point during installation, so hacker can perform arbitrary actions through the REST API with administrative privileges. Since he know the user name and password. Therefore he can create a JSON Web Token and sign it using same secret key. Should you be interested, please read the details of attached diagram.

Cisco official announcement – https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20200102-dcnm-auth-bypass

Under our observation

Design weakness found 1 year ago (Jan 2019), but the details expose today! Fortinet FortiSIEM 5.2.5 / 5.2.6 Hardcoded Key (Jan 2020)

Preface: Stupid Solutions to Stupid Problems: Hardcoding Your SSH Key in the system.

Vulnerability background: FortiSIEM 5.2.5 / 5.2.6 could use the hardcoded password to log in to the underlying system via Secure Shell (SSH). This means that anyone with access to any FortiSIEM image (to copy the SSH private key) can authenticate successfully via SSH to the FortiSIEM. Supervisor on port 19999/tcp as tunneluser. They will be limited to the /opt/phoenix/phscripts/bin/tunnelshell script, but if this is bypassed then full shell access can be obtained.

Impact: While the user’s shell is limited to running the /opt/phoenix/phscripts/bin/tunnelshell script, SSH authentication still succeeds. Versions 5.2.5 and 5.2.6 have been verified as vulnerable.