Preface: When Meltdown and Spectre discovered, the tech community questioned chip security.

Security Focus: A new class of unprivileged speculative execution attacks to leak arbitrary data across address spaces and privilege boundaries (e.g., process, kernel, SGX, and even CPU-internal operations). Who is he?

Side-channel attack targeting Intel chips, allowing hackers to effectively exploit design flaws rather than injecting malicious code. For instance, hacker can use WebAssembly in both Firefox and Chrome to generate machine code which he can use to perform this attacks. If you are interested in learning more, please refer to the attached picture.

Intel has released security updates to address vulnerability in multiple products. The official announcement can be found at this link – https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00317.html

HP urge the customer that it should be acted upon as soon as possible. The “HP Security Update” can be found at this link – https://support.hp.com/us-en/document/c06502052

Preface: Sometimes while designing a software, you might have a requirement to hold some data (for reprocessing at later stage) for some duration. Some software do it within the memory in which they are running while others may create a temporary file for this purpose.

Technical background: The original design of Trend Micro able transform the malicious data for short duration write to temp file. The quarantine method was strips off the first 4096 bytes or so, replaces those with spaces, converts the rest to lowercase and writes it to the temp file. This has the advantage that for the execution of malicious data can be aborted absolutely. The isolation level will be better than memory. Vulnerability details: When TMDS examines javascript it writes snippets of it to a temporary file, which is locked and then deleted almost immediately. But the names of the temp files are sometimes reused. The proof-of-concept shown that the reuse file name can redirect to another file by symbolic link.

Official announcement, please refer to the link: https://success.trendmicro.com/solution/000149495

Preface: Patching is a routine job in Cloud services provider. The job is similar do bathing with your puppy.

Background: There are five virtual appliances (OVA) used for Horizon DaaS; Service Provider, Tenant, Desktop Manager, Resource Manager and Access Point.

Vulnerability details: An unauthorized user with network access to port 427 on an ESXi host or on any Horizon DaaS management appliance may be able to overwrite the heap of the OpenSLP service resulting in remote code execution. We speculate that the vulnerability details shown on attached diagram. You can disable this service in minutes. Guidance for implementation on ESXi and Horizon DaaS have also been published. For details, see below URL: https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2019-0022.html

How Windows Hello for Business works? It lets Windows 10 users who have devices with fingerprint readers or special cameras log into Windows via fingerprint or facial recognition.

Use cases: Client systems which joined to Kerberos based domains like Active Directory (AD) can use Windows Hello for Business authentication to replace password based authentication and still get full single-sign-on (SSO) access to the resources of the domain.

Vulnerability details: An authenticated attacker could obtain orphaned keys created on TPMs of the design vulnerability.The attacker pretend a user by using stolen private key to authenticate as the user within the domain using Public Key Cryptography for Initial Authentication (PKINIT).

Remark: PKINIT would provide a method to use Kerberos for authentication and get a Kerberos Ticket Granting Ticket (TGT) during the authentication so that network resources can be accessed with Kerberos/GSSAPI.

Official details: https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/ADV190026

Background: XPC is a type of iOS IPC. Through XPC, an app can communicate with some system services. mediaserverd (/ usr / sbin / mediaserverd) is a daemon process launched by the root process launchd, and its description file is com.apple.mediaserverd.plist stored in / System / Library / LaunchDaemon directory, when the system starts, it will scan all plist files under this directory, start all background processes separately, probably there are more than 50 background processes are the real reason for the pseudo background in the iOS system. The decoding of audio and video involves the operation of hardware. Mediaserverd contains a large amount of code that calls the driver layer. Through xpc, users can prevent overflow attacks and improve system stability. Because the same xpc interface is cross-process, it makes it more difficult for overflow attacks to forge data.

Synopsis: Mediaserverd has various media parsing responsibilities, its reachable from various sandboxes and is able to talk to kernel drivers. Perhaps, hacker can find a valid trigger point in this place.

Status – Even though 13.1.3 IPXR, it also vulnerable. For more details, please refer to diagram.

Preface: The OAuth 2.0 Authorization Framework (RFC 6749, October 2012)

Technical background: In the traditional Client-Server architecture, when the Client wants to fetch the protected resources (Protected Resoruce), it is necessary to present the account and password of the user (Resource Owner) to the Server. OAuth introduces an authentication layerThe Client will get an Access Token to access Protected Resources instead of using the account password of the Resource Owner. An Access Token is a string that records information about a specific scope of access, timeliness, and more.

Vulnerability details: The details of the vulnerability shown on attached diagram. But the root cause of this design weakness perhaps not limited to CyberArk researchers discovery. Azure trust certain third-party domains and sub-domains. Can you imagine that the problem may be involved wildcard domain included in whitelist?

Focus: Heard that Microsoft didn’t issue a CVE because the bug is located only in their Online Service. Strange!