Preface: All systems based on the Linux kernel utilize the vmscan[.]c file for memory management. This file is integral to the kernel’s memory reclamation process, ensuring efficient use of system memory across various Linux distributions. Background: The vmscan[.]c file in the Linux kernel is responsible for managing memory reclamation. It contains functions that help the…

Preface: DeepSpeed MII, an open-source Python library developed by Microsoft, aims to make powerful model inference accessible, emphasizing high throughput, low latency, and cost efficiency. TensorRT LLM, an open-source framework from NVIDIA, is designed for optimizing and deploying large language models on NVIDIA GPUs. Background: TensorRT-LLM is a library developed by NVIDIA to optimize and…

Preface: To virtualize a single NVIDIA GPU into multiple virtual GPUs and allocate them to different virtual machines or users, you can use NVIDIA’s vGPU capability. Background: Unified memory is disabled by default. If used, you must enable unified memory individually for each vGPU that requires it by setting a vGPU plugin parameter. NVIDIA CUDA…

Preface: The NVIDIA Tesla R570 driver is used for various data center GPUs, including the NVIDIA A100 and NVIDIA V100. These GPUs are designed for high-performance computing, AI, and deep learning applications. Background: The CUDA software environment consists of three parts: On Linux systems, the CUDA driver and kernel mode components are delivered together in…

Preface: The most common way is Attackers place a malicious DLL in a directory that is checked before the legitimate system paths. Because the application loading the DLL is trusted, security solutions may not flag the execution as suspicious. Cybercriminals often use several common program instructions when creating malicious DLLs. For example, dll injection, Registry…

Preface: The symbol ~/. by itself is not a relative path traversal; it simply refers to the home directory of the current user. However, when combined with ./.., it can be part of a relative path traversal. Relative path traversal involves using sequences like ../ to navigate up the directory hierarchy. For example, ~/. refers…

When light weight AI become your partner. In the office, all people skill become equal. As a result, the inherent kindness in human nature will be hidden! Preface: High Performance Computing (HPC) systems using AMD chips can utilize AXI crossbars. The AXI crossbar is used to route AXI4-Lite requests to corresponding sub-cores based on the…

Preface: In the realm of High Performance Computing (HPC), processors that use the x86 architecture typically support System Management Mode (SMM). This includes: -Intel Xeon Processors: Widely used in HPC systems, Intel Xeon processors support SMM for managing system-wide tasks such as power management and hardware control. -AMD EPYC Processors: AMD EPYC processors, including the…

Preface: The Ryzen 7000 desktop and laptop chips were introduced in 2023. Alongside the main x86 CPU, Ryzen 7000 has a new type of coprocessor, a Neural Processing Unit (NPU), based on the XDNA™ AI Engine architecture. This new NPU is called Ryzen AI. Background: 1.Install NPU Drivers 2.Download the NPU driver installation package NPU…