Preface: On 6th Mar, 2019, Cisco announcement that there are vulnerabilities found on Cisco FXOS and NX-OS Software. The total 26 of the vulnerabilities have a Security Impact Rating (SIR) of High. Successful exploitation of the vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to gain unauthorized access.
Technical background: Cisco NX-OS based on Wind River Linux and is inter-operable with other Cisco operating systems. The command-line interface of NX-OS is similar to that of Cisco IOS. Recent NX-OS has both Cisco-style CLI and Bash shell available.
My speculation: Sometimes if OS platform has unrestricted directory permissions could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to upload an arbitrary file. This file could allow the attacker to execute commands at the privilege level.
Preface: Ghidra is one such well-known software reverse engineering toolkit that the NSA agency has been using for a long time.
Synopsis: He ensured the audience that there’s no backdoor in Ghidra, said Rob Joyce, the cybersecurity adviser to the NSA director.
About installation: Quick and simple way
Prerequisite: Since “Ghidra” relies on JDK 11+ and therefore your Linux OS might require to update. For example: I am using Fedora system. In order to avoid any technical problem occurs during installation. My Fedora upgrade to Fedora 28.
1. Before kick start do the installation, please confirm your current OS whether compatibility with JDK 11+.
2. If you don’t have any technical concerns about item 1, you can download the software by going to the url below.
Preface: If your company hasn’t been performing load testing, it is hard to know the web application actual performance. Deploying JMeter will display the test results in a graph updated in real time.
Synopsis: Perhaps software developers did not imagine that JMeter design weakness will be hazardous of web server. And therefore we might found Jmeter function still activate after services launch.
Vulnerability detail: Apache JMeter Missing client auth for RMI connection when distributed test is used. And therefore attacker could exploit this vulnerability by establishing a Remote Method Invocation (RMI) connection with a jmeter-server while using the RemotejMeterEngine interface.It such a way let attacker execute arbitrary code on a targeted system.
Preface: Container Privilege Escalation Vulnerability Affecting Cisco Products status update
Description: IT world is safe again, Cisco you are super again! There is only 3 items of Cisco product involves into the Container Privilege Escalation Vulnerability found on last month (Feb 2019). Remedy has been proceed. Further details in below:
Preface: For companies that are experiencing cyber attacks. Moody said it has the potential to weaken its credit profile.
Analytic result by Moody’s: About Moody’s findings. Ransomware attack against FedEx and Merck & Co in 2017. The total financial impact of all affected entities reached $10 billion.
Question: Does Moody’s rating only focus on financial losses?
Answer: The key factors for Moody’s do the analysis is based on the following ideas. To develop a framework for understanding inherent cyber risk at the sector level, Moody’s focuses on the following: 1) vulnerability to the type of attack or event to which entities in a given sector are exposed. 2) potential impact of cyber events via disruption of critical businesses processes or negative reputational effects that lead to a loss of revenue as a result of customer attrition.
Preface: Apache Mesos is an open-source project to manage computer clusters. It was developed at the University of California, Berkeley.
About Payload in Web services: Typically the term payload refers to JSON-formatted text that is either posted (via an http POST) to a web service when a user creates a resource or returned from a web service (via an http GET) when a user requests a resource (or resources).
Vulnerability detail: A vulnerability in the JSON payload parser of Apache Mesos could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition an a targeted system.
Preface: The urgent announcement by Cisco might scare the customer of Cisco. It is about the vulnerabilities found on Cisco FXOS and NX-OS Software. But no worries, Cisco managed it.
Technical background: Cisco NX-OS based on Wind River Linux and is inter-operable with other Cisco operating systems. The command-line interface of NX-OS is similar to that of Cisco IOS. Recent NX-OS has both Cisco-style CLI and Bash shell available. Cisco NX-OS Family perform authentication based on roles. Role-based authorization limits access to switch operations by assigning users to roles.
Vulnerability details: 26 of the vulnerabilities have a Security Impact Rating (SIR) of High. Successful exploitation of the vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to gain unauthorized access, gain elevated privileges, execute arbitrary commands, escape the restricted shell, bypass the system image verification checks, or cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device.
Preface: So called Spoilter, a vulnerability given by Intel CPU design limitation. If hacker successful exploit such vulnerability. They can conduct “Rowhammer” attack for privileges escalation.
Vulnerability detail: The speculative execution function of Intel’s processors aim to increase the performance of a CPU. Meanwhile it caused Intel CPU vulnerability issues in the past. A new found technique is able to determine how virtual and physical memory is related to each other. By discovering time differences, an attacker can determine the memory layout and then know which area to attack. For more details, please refer attached diagram for reference.
Remedy: There is no mitigation plan that can completely erase this problem.
Conclusion: Perhaps “rowhammer” is hard to detect.. Be remind that a predictive defense solution will be reduce the risk. For example you have 360 degree cyber protection includes spam and DNS filter, SIEM, malware protection and managed security services. The impact cause by this vulnerabilities will be under control.
Preface: FlexNet Publisher (formerly known as FLEXlm) is a software license manager from Flexera Software which implements license management and is intended to be used in corporate environments to provide floating licenses to multiple end users of computer software.
Vulnerability background: The design weakness found on 2018. But the official announcement was release on 2019-01-28.
Vulnerability detail: Allow a remote attacker to corrupt the memory by allocating / deallocating memory, loading lmgrd or the vendor daemon and causing the heartbeat between lmgrd and the vendor daemon to stop.
Impact: A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the affected software to stop responding, or use the memory corruption to execute arbitrary code.
Preface: Node.js is popular in technology world. No matter crypto or distributed ledger platform, Docker development, REST API…etc can deploy by node.js.
About node.js? Node.js is a JavaScript runtime environment that processes incoming requests in a loop, called the event loop (initialization and callbacks) and offers a Worker Pool to handle expensive tasks like file I/O. Modern kernel can handle multiple operations executing in the background. Node.js design aim to let’s kernel tells Node.js so that the appropriate callback may be added to the poll queue to eventually be executed. Perhaps such design concept provides an opportunity to hacker!
Vulnerability details (CVE-2019-5737): An attacker could exploit this vulnerability when establishing an HTTP or HTTPS connection in keep-alive mode by sending headers to the targeted system over time to keep the connection open for an extended period. As a result a denial of service condition occurred. Official announcement display in below url: https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/february-2019-security-releases/
