Preface: The NVIDIA Triton Inference Server API supports both HTTP/REST and GRPC protocols. These protocols allow clients to communicate with the Triton server for various tasks such as model inferencing, checking server and model health, and managing model metadata and statistics.

Background: NVIDIA Triton™ Inference Server, part of the NVIDIA AI platform and available with NVIDIA AI Enterprise, is open-source software that standardizes AI model deployment and execution across every workload.

The Asynchronous Server Gateway Interface (ASGI) is a calling convention for web servers to forward requests to asynchronous-capable Python frameworks, and applications. It is built as a successor to the Web Server Gateway Interface (WSGI).

NVIDIA Triton Inference Server integrates a built-in web server to expose its functionality and allow clients to interact with it. This web server is fundamental to how Triton operates and provides access to its inference capabilities on both Windows and Linux environments.

Vulnerability details: CVE-2025-23310 – NVIDIA Triton Inference Server for Windows and Linux contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause stack buffer overflow by specially crafted inputs. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to remote code execution, denial of service, information disclosure, and data tampering.

Official announcement: Please refer to the link for details –

https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/5687

Preface: Memory Allocation Flow:

1. User-space request (e.g., CUDA malloc or OpenGL buffer allocation).
2. Driver calls memmgrCreateHeap_IMPL() to create a memory heap.
3. Heap uses pmaAllocatePages() to get physical memory.
4. Virtual address space is mapped using UVM or MMU walker.
5. Memory is returned to user-space or GPU context.

Background:

An OS-agnostic binary is a compiled program designed to run on multiple operating systems without requiring separate builds for each. This means the binary file can be executed on different OS platforms without modification, achieving a level of portability that’s not common with traditional compiled software.

The core loadable module within the NVIDIA vGPU software package is the NVIDIA kernel driver, specifically named nvidia[.]ko. This module facilitates communication between the guest virtual machine (VM) and the physical NVIDIA GPU. It’s split into two main components: an OS-agnostic binary and a kernel interface layer. The OS-agnostic component, for example, nv-kernel[.]o_binary for the nvidia[.]ko module, is provided as a pre-built binary to save time during installation. The kernel interface layer is specific to the Linux kernel version and configuration.

Vulnerability details:

CVE-2025-23285: NVIDIA vGPU software contains a vulnerability in the Virtual GPU Manager, where a malicious guest could cause a stack buffer overflow. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, denial of service, information disclosure, or data tampering.

CVE2025-23283: NVIDIA vGPU software for Linux-style hypervisors contains a vulnerability in the Virtual GPU Manager, where a malicious guest could cause stack buffer overflow. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, denial of service, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, or data tampering.

Official announcement: Please see the url for details –

https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/5670

Preface: “LeftoverLocals” allows recovery of data from GPU local memory created by other processes on Apple, Qualcomm, AMD, and Imagination GPUs. LeftoverLocals affects the security posture of the entire GPU application, especially LLM and machine learning models running on affected GPU platforms. NVD published on January 16, 2024. So far, AMD appears to be the only company actively taking remediation measures.

Background: Researchers from Trail of Bits reported a potential vulnerability, titled “LeftoverLocals” article to public on 16th January 2024. The corrective action was taken by AMD in following schedule.

2025-07-18: Updated the Mitigation section for AMD Radeon Graphics

2025-06-23: Updated the Mitigation section for Data Center Graphics, AMD Radeon Graphics, and revised Client Processors table

2025-04-07: Updated the Mitigation section for Data Center Graphics, AMD Radeon Graphics, and Client Processors

2025-02-11: Updated the Mitigation section – Data Center Graphics

2025-01-15: Mitigation section has been updated and AMD Ryzen™ AI 300 Series Processor (Formerly codenamed) “Strix Point” FP8 has been added to the Client Processors list

2024-11-07: Mitigation has been updated for MI300 and MI300A

Updated driver version from 24.x.y to 25.x.y

2024-10-30: Updated mitigation targets

2024-08-02: Updated AMD Software: Adrenalin Edition and PRO Edition versions.

Removed: AMD Ryzen™ 3000 Series Processors with Radeon™ Graphics (Not affected)

Added: AMD Ryzen™ 8000 Series Processors with Radeon™ Graphics and AMD Ryzen™ 7030 Series Processors with Radeon™ Graphics

2024-07-30: Updated the Mitigation section of AMD RadeonTM Graphics and Client processors product tables

Updated Data Center Graphics Inter-VM and Bare Metal/Intra-VM Mitigation product tables

Updated mitigation section month for driver update rollout

2024-05-07: Added Vega products and Mitigation section with Product tables

2024-01-26: Updated Graphics and Data Center Graphics products

2024-01-16: Initial publication

Vulnerability details: CVE-2023-4969: A GPU kernel can read sensitive data from another GPU kernel (even from another user or app) through an optimized GPU memory region called _local memory_ on various architectures.

Official announcement: Please refer to the official link for details – https://www.amd.com/en/resources/product-security/bulletin/amd-sb-6010.html

Remark: In step 5, CU2 is written incorrectly. The correct word should be CU.

Preface: Docker Compose is a tool that makes it easier to define and manage multi-container Docker applications. It simplifies running interconnected services, such as a frontend, backend API, and database, by allowing them to be launched and controlled together.

Docker Compose is a utility for defining and running multi-container Docker applications. Furthermore, Docker Compose responsible manages the container lifecycle. Container lifecycle management is a critical process of overseeing the creation, deployment, and operation of a container until its eventual decommissioning.

Background: Docker Compose v2.30.0 has introduced lifecycle hooks, making it easier to manage actions tied to container start and stop events. This feature lets developers handle key tasks more flexibly while keeping applications clean and secure.

Vulnerability details:

CVE-2025-23266: NVIDIA Container Toolkit for all platforms contains a vulnerability in some hooks used to initialize the container, where an attacker could execute arbitrary code with elevated permissions. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to escalation of privileges, data tampering, information disclosure, and denial of service.

CVE-2025-23267: NVIDIA Container Toolkit for all platforms contains a vulnerability in the update-ldcache hook, where an attacker could cause a link following by using a specially crafted container image. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to data tampering and denial of service.

Official announcement: Please refer to url for details

https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/5659

Ref: Does Disabling Hooks Disable Container Lifecycle Management?

Hooks – In this context, hooks are scripts or binaries that run during container lifecycle events (e.g., prestart, poststart). The CUDA compatibility hook injects libraries or environment variables needed for CUDA apps.

Disabling the Hook – Prevents the automatic injection of CUDA compatibility libraries into containers. This does not disable the entire container lifecycle, but it removes one automation step in the lifecycle.

Preface: Does it good when artificial Intelligence use Open Source software? Yes, using open-source software is generally considered a positive aspect for artificial intelligence development. It fosters collaboration, transparency, and faster innovation, while also potentially reducing costs and biases. However, it’s crucial to acknowledge potential risks like misuse and the need for responsible development practices.

Background: The Model Context Protocol (MCP) is an open standard, open-source framework designed to standardize how AI models, particularly large language models (LLMs), interact with external tools, systems, and data sources. Think of it as a universal adapter, similar to USB-C, for AI applications, allowing them to easily connect to and utilize various data and tools.

A Kanban MCP Server is a server component that manages Kanban boards using the Model Context Protocol (MCP). It allows AI assistants and other systems to interact with and manipulate Kanban boards programmatically, enabling automation and integration of workflows.

Vulnerability details: GitHub Kanban MCP Server is a Model Context Protocol (MCP) server for managing GitHub issues in Kanban board format and streamlining LLM task management. Versions 0.3.0 and 0.4.0 of the MCP Server are written in a way that is vulnerable to command injection vulnerability attacks as part of some of its MCP Server tool definition and implementation. The MCP Server exposes the tool `add_comment` which relies on Node.js child process API `exec` to execute the GitHub (`gh`) command, is an unsafe and vulnerable API if concatenated with untrusted user input.

Workaround: As of time of publication, no known patches are available.

But you can securely rewrite the vulnerable handleAddComment function using execFile or the GitHub REST API to avoid command injection risks.

Workaround 1: Using execFile (Safer Shell Execution)

execFile does not invoke a shell, so special characters in inputs (like ;, &&, etc.) are treated as literal arguments, not commands

Workaround 2: Using GitHub REST API via @octokit/rest

– No shell involved.

– Fully typed and authenticated.

– GitHub officially supports and maintains this SDK.

Official announcement: Please refer to url for details –

https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53818