Category Archives: Science

Where did 3I/ATLAS come from? (7th Oct 2025)

Preface: The WOW signal was detected at a frequency near the hydrogen line, around 1420 MHz. This specific frequency was favored by SETI researchers because it’s a “quiet” band of the electromagnetic spectrum, also known as the “water hole,” where transmissions are protected from terrestrial interference and are naturally emitted by the most common element in the universe, hydrogen.

Background: Harvard astrophysicist Avi Loeb suggests the interstellar object 3I/ATLAS is in the same general direction as the 1977 Wow! Signal, with the two aligning within about 9 degrees. This proximity has led to speculation, including Loeb’s call for radio astronomers to investigate if 3I/ATLAS is emitting any signals, though there is currently no direct scientific evidence linking the two events.

WOW signal –  This signal comes from the globular cluster M55 in Sagittarius.

M55 – M55 is not a constellation, but a globular cluster located in the constellation Sagittarius. Also known as the Specter Cluster or NGC 6809, it is an ancient ball of over 100,000 stars, around 12.5 billion years old.

From a scientific point of view, are there any questions?

Spectroscopic analysis of interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS has revealed the presence of nickel atoms, but notably without iron, which is a puzzling and anomalous observation compared to typical comets from our solar system and even the previous interstellar visitor 2I/Borisov. This unusual nickel-to-iron ratio is significantly higher and suggests nickel is released via photochemical processes, possibly from nickel carbonyls, rather than from the high-temperature sublimation of dust grains that would typically release both metals together.

Details provided by Professor LoebPlease see the link for details:

https://avi-loeb.medium.com/why-is-the-orbital-plane-of-3i-atlas-inclined-by-5-degrees-relative-to-the-ecliptic-plane-3b07e5222bff

Myth and Reality (Nibiru in Sumerian Mythology to the Real Version of “3I/ATLAS”) – 5th Sep 2025

Preface: In 1976, Zecharia Sitchin published The Twelfth Planet, in which Sitchin translation Sumerian texts describing the planet Nibiru.

About the Myth: According to the late Zechariah Sitchin, the planet Nibiru of Sumerian mythology and its periodic close passes by Earth is thought to orbit the sun in an elongated ellipse with a period of 3,600 years.

The earliest evidence of Sumerian civilization began around

5300 BCE, meaning from the earliest point to 2025 CE is approximately 7,325 years. However, if you are referring to the flourishing of the civilization, the period of Sumer from its beginning in the late Neolithic/early Bronze Age around 5300 BCE to its downfall around 1940 BCE was roughly 3,360 years long

Status of 3I/ATLAS (4th Sep 2025)

On September 4, 2025, the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS was passing through the main asteroid belt, and it could be observed from Earth’s night sky with powerful space telescopes such as NASA’s Webb Space Telescope and Hubble Space Telescope, as well as large amateur telescopes equipped with specialized instruments.., and approaching its closest point to the Sun, which it will reach just inside Mars’s orbit in late October. While it will be unobservable for several weeks due to being too close to the Sun, it will reemerge in early December 2025 and continue its journey.

The Webb and Hubble teams, have observed interstellar object 3I/ATLAS and found it to be outgassing, though the process, or “outgassing,” in this case primarily involves carbon dioxide rather than water, which is a surprising and unusual finding compared to typical comets in our solar system. The team is analyzing data that confirms 3I/ATLAS is an active comet, with outgassing producing a coma of gas.

By analyzing the color of the light, specifically using spectroscopy, astronomers can determine the composition of this expelled material and learn about the object’s origin and the conditions in its home system.

End.

3I/ATLAS’s , who are you? (4th Aug 2025)

Quote: Hawking advised against active attempts to contact alien civilizations, which could be dangerous, arguing that an advanced alien race could see the same bacteria as humans, which could lead to catastrophic consequences if they discovered Earth.

Ref: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11462274/

Background: 3I/ATLAS, also known as C/2025 N1 and previously as A11pl3Z, is an interstellar comet discovered by the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System station at Río Hurtado, Chile on 1 July 2025, when it was entering the inner Solar System at a distance of 4.5 astronomical units from the Sun.

Technical details: A team of researchers has presented the wild theory that an interstellar object might be hostile “alien technology” that could reach Earth in fall 2025. Below is the speculation based on evidences.

-3I/ATLAS orbital plane lies virtually in the Ecliptic, though retrogade, i = 175.11◦

-3I/ATLAS is too large to be an asteroid

-3I/ATLAS shows no evidence of cometary outgassing.

Ref: cometary outgassing provides the energy to push a comet away from the Sun. As a comet approaches the Sun, its icy nucleus warms, causing ices to sublimate and release gas and dust, forming a coma. This outgassing exerts a force on the comet, pushing it in the opposite direction of the escaping gas, which is a major factor in the comet’s trajectory.

– 3I/ATLAS approaches unusually close to Venus, Mars and Jupiter

– I/ATLAS achieves perihelion on the opposite side of the Sun to Earth

Remark: The Earth revolves around the Sun in an elliptical orbit, and its closest point to the Sun is called perihelion.

– The optimal point to do a reverse Solar Oberth and stay bound to the Sun is at perihelion.

– 3I/ATLAS’s incoming radiant made it hard to detect sooner

The incoming radiant of comet 3I/ATLAS aligning with the Galactic Center, a bright and crowded region of the sky, made it difficult to detect, according to an Instagram post. This unusual entry path, coupled with the comet’s potential “silent propulsion” (lacking typical outgassing) and close encounters with planets, contributed to its delayed detection.

Technical papers announcement: The technical paper was published on the preprint server arXiv on July 16, 2025. For more information, please refer to the link – https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12213

Yahoo headlines from July 27, 2025 https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/possibly-hostile-alien-object-could-023132776.html

When dreams come true (M78 Nebula) – 20-06-2025

Preface: When I was a kid watching Japanese science fiction TV series, the M78 Nebula is the location of the Kingdom of Light and the hometown of most Ultraman in the Kingdom of Light world. So believe that M78 Nebula was not real! At that time 70s, the internet technologies of today never been develop! The processor is 8087.

Background: The Orion Nebula, or Messier 42(NGC 1976), is a bright cloud of gas and dust in the Orion constellation, about 1,344 light-years from Earth. Orion Nebula is a diffuse nebula in the Milky Way situated south of Orion’s Belt in the constellation of Orion.

Messier 78 or M78, also known as NGC 2068, is a reflection nebula in the constellation Orion. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain in 1780 and included by Charles Messier in his catalog of comet-like objects that same year.

The distance between Messier 78 and Messier 42 is approximately 250 light-years. Messier 42, also known as the Orion Nebula, is about 1,344 light-years away. Messier 78 is approximately 1,600 light-years away.

SETI observations in M78: Till today, there are no confirmed signals from Messier 78 detected by SETI that are widely accepted as evidence of extra-terrestrial intelligence. While the “Wow! signal” is a famous example of a strong, unexplained signal detected by a SETI project, it was not from Messier 78, and its origin remains a mystery. Subsequent searches in the same direction as the Wow! signal have not yielded any further detections.

Ref: SETI, which stands for Search for Extra-terrestrial Intelligence, is a scientific area focused on searching for evidence of civilizations beyond Earth. It involves using telescopes and other instruments to detect potential signals from other star systems that might indicate intelligent life. The SETI Institute is a non-profit research organization dedicated to this quest.

Supplement: The Wow! signal was a strong, narrow-band radio signal detected by the Big Ear radio telescope during a SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) project on August 15, 1977. It was so named because of the exclamation “Wow!” written on the computer printout by astronomer Jerry Ehman when he discovered the anomaly. The signal appeared to come from the direction of the constellation Sagittarius and exhibited characteristics that suggested an extraterrestrial origin, though its source remains unknown.

Question: If I assume that extraterrestrial life is real, why do they would it avoid contact with humans?

Official article: Please refer to the URL for details – https://science.nasa.gov/mission/hubble/science/explore-the-night-sky/hubble-messier-catalog/messier-78/

Did Nikola Tesla encounter a solar flare in 124 years ago? (19-06-2025)

Preface: In 1901, engineer Nikola Tesla made the astonishing claim that he was receiving radio communications from Mars. His description was picked up and reported on broadly in the press.

Reference URL – http://www.antihackingonline.com/science/a-hundred-years-later-communication-was-ready-to-receive-phone-call-again/

Background: Solar flares are a regular part of the solar cycle, which lasts about 11 years on average. In 1901, a major solar event was observed that was not a large storm, but a “huge solar disturbance” with visible Sunspots, bright spots and distinctive coronal disturbances.

A coronal disturbance, often in the form of a coronal mass ejection (CME), is a significant eruption of plasma and magnetic field from the Sun’s outer atmosphere, or corona. These disturbances can propagate through space and, if directed towards Earth, can cause geomagnetic storms and other space weather phenomena.

Ref: Geomagnetic storms, disturbances in Earth’s magnetic field caused by solar activity, can impact our planet in various ways, primarily affecting technology and infrastructure. While not directly harmful to humans due to our planet’s protective magnetic field and atmosphere, they can disrupt communication systems, navigation, and power grids.

Do you think Nikola Tesla encountered a solar flare 124 years ago? Or was the radio communication sent from Mars?

There was a large solar flare in April 1901, specifically on April 21, which was associated with bright faculae. This event was noted by observers and is possibly linked to a short-lived sunspot group. However, the more commonly referenced “huge solar disturbance” from 1901 is related to Nova Persei 1901, a bright nova that appeared in February 1901 and reached its peak brightness in September. The bright patch of faculae in April was likely a separate event.

Do you want to know what the solar flares are like this week?

In June 2025, NASA’s PUNCH mission (Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere) captured detailed images of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) as they erupted from the Sun. Additionally, NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) observed a strong solar flare on June 17, 2025.

Official announcement: Please see the link for details – https://science.nasa.gov/blogs/solar-cycle-25/2025/06/17/sun-releases-strong-flare-8/

The relationship between the solar wind and the Earth (14-06-2025)

Preface: Auroras are a visible manifestation of geomagnetic storms. Geomagnetic storms are disturbances in Earth’s magnetosphere caused by the interaction of charged particles from the sun (the solar wind) with Earth’s magnetic field. Auroras typically appear in high latitudes, including northern North America and parts of Asia.

Background: The Sun’s corona and heliosphere, while constantly present, are often unseen. The corona, the Sun’s outermost atmosphere, is extremely hot and extends far into space. This hot gas is flung outwards by the Sun, forming the solar wind, which creates the heliosphere, a bubble surrounding our solar system. In June 2025, NASA’s PUNCH (Polarimeter to the Unseen Corona and Heliosphere) mission has been actively observing coronal mass ejections (CMEs). These observations, including detailed images from the Narrow Field Imager (NFI) and Wide Field Imagers, are providing new insights into the origins and paths of CMEs, helping scientists better understand and predict space weather.

Observation: Due to the high-speed flow of the coronal hole, NASA has issued a G2 (moderate) geomagnetic storm warning on June 14.

Ref: Geomagnetic storms, disturbances in Earth’s magnetic field caused by solar activity, can impact our planet in various ways, primarily affecting technology and infrastructure. While not directly harmful to humans due to our planet’s protective magnetic field and atmosphere, they can disrupt communication systems, navigation, and power grids.

Top Stories: Please see the link for details – https://www.livescience.com/space/the-sun/friday-the-13th-solar-storm-could-bring-auroras-to-18-us-states-this-weekend

The relationship between humans and water in the Old Testament (30-05-2025)

Preface: Humans need water to survive. Water is a basic need for life and an important component of the human body.

On the other hand, Massive floods have occurred multiple times in Earth’s history, some of which are significant geological events that have shaped the landscape and influenced the course of life on Earth. Examples include the Missoula Floods and the “refilling of the Mediterranean Sea” refers to the event when the Mediterranean Sea was restored to its current level after a period of near-desiccation, known as the Messinian Salinity Crisis. This event, known as the Zanclean flood, occurred approximately 5.3 million years ago.

人類生存需要水。水是生命的基本需求,也是人體的重要組成部分。另一方面,地球歷史上曾多次發生大規模洪水,其中一些是重大的地質事件,塑造了地形並影響了地球生命的進程。例如米蘇拉洪水,以及「地中海再注水」事件,指的是地中海在經歷了一段近乎乾涸的時期後恢復到當前水位的事件,這被稱為墨西拿鹽度危機。這場事件被稱為贊克林洪水,發生在大約530萬年前。

Will an asteroid or comet hit Earth (小行星或彗星會撞擊地球嗎)?

A crater at the edge of the Yucatán peninsula in Mexico was created by a massive asteroid that hit Earth 66 million years ago. The Chicxulub impactor, as it is called, was somewhere between 10 and 15 kilometres in diameter. As a result, the asteroid that killed the dinosaurs.

6600萬年前,一顆巨大的小行星撞擊地球,在墨西哥尤卡坦半島邊緣形成了一個隕石坑。這顆名為(Chicxulub impactor)希克蘇魯伯的小行星直徑約10至15公里。最終,這顆小行星導致了恐龍滅絕。

Was it God or an advanced civilization that drove Chicxulub to crash into the Yucatan Peninsula and cause the extinction of the dinosaurs? Or a natural phenomenon?

是上帝,還是某個先進文明,驅使希克蘇魯伯隕石撞擊尤卡坦半島,導致恐龍滅絕?又或者,這只是一種自然現象?

Involving an asteroid or comet hitting the Earth was happened in past.

過去曾發生過小行星或彗星撞擊地球的事件。

Meteor Hits Russia Feb 15, 2013

No know the reason why the Meteor exploded on sky. The witness stated that after the flash came the bang.

Regarding to the headline news in 2013, The meteorite exploded with a force around 30 times that of the atom bomb dropped on Hiroshima, or 500 kilotonnes of TNT. The shockwave knocked people off their feet and shattered windows in thousands of apartments. The Earth rang to the blast, with vibrations picked up by seismic sensors 4,000km away.

YouTube Videos Unlock Russian Meteor’s Secrets – 2013 | The New York Timeshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQHDzTH6Wtc

My wish: There have been many news reports recently predicting an earthquake in Japan this year (2025). I wonder if advanced civilization or God will help mankind survive this disaster.

CVE-2025-35003: Apache NuttX RTOS Bluetooth Stack (HCI and UART components) 27-5-2025

Preface: During the Dahe period of Emperor Wenzong of the Tang Dynasty (827-835 AD), there was a scholar named Zheng Renben(鄭仁本), his cousin and his friend Wang Xiucai(王秀才) wandering in Zhongyue Songshan Mountain(中嶽嵩山) and got lost in a deep valley. It was getting dark at this time, and the two were very scared. As they were walking around, they saw someone dressed in white snoring in the grass. They went up to him and asked, “I accidentally entered this path and got lost. Do you know the way to the official road?” The man raised his head, looked, and did not respond and continued to sleep. The two asked the man in white where he came from and called him again and again, so he sat up and said, “Come here.” The man in white introduced: “Do you know that the moon is made of seven treasures? The bright spots on the moon are the result of the sun shining on its convex parts. There are 82,000 people repairing the moon, and I am one of them, one of them…”

Background: The Bluetooth stack in Apache NuttX RTOS is used to enable Bluetooth communication in embedded systems, particularly for devices that require low-power wireless connectivity. This stack typically supports:

  • HCI (Host Controller Interface) over UART or USB
  • Bluetooth Classic and BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) profiles
  • Device discovery, pairing, and data exchange

It is designed to be modular and lightweight, making it suitable for resource-constrained microcontrollers.

Vulnerability details: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer and Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerabilities were discovered in Apache NuttX RTOS Bluetooth Stack (HCI and UART components) that may result in system crash, denial of service, or arbitrary code execution, after receiving maliciously crafted packets.

Remedy: NuttX’s Bluetooth HCI/UART stack users are advised to upgrade to version 12.9.0, which fixes the identified implementation issues. This issue affects Apache NuttX: from 7.25 before 12.9.0.

Official announcement: Please see the link for details – https://www.tenable.com/cve/CVE-2025-35003

Power outage in Spain and Portugal on caused by rare atmospheric phenomenon. So called Induced atmospheric vibration. (1st May 2025)

Preface: MADRID/LISBON, April 28 (Reuters) – Power started returning to parts of the Iberian peninsula late on Monday after a huge outage brought most of Spain and Portugal to a standstill, grounding planes, halting public transport, and forcing hospitals to suspend routine operations.

Background: The recent widespread power outage in Spain, Portugal, and parts of southern France was indeed attributed to a rare atmospheric phenomenon. The initial reports suggested that “induced atmospheric vibration” might have been the cause. This term refers to oscillations in the power lines caused by extreme changes in temperature or air pressure, leading to synchronization failures in the electrical grid.

Technical focus: The term “induced atmospheric vibration” refers to oscillations in power lines caused by extreme atmospheric conditions, such as significant temperature changes or strong winds . These oscillations can affect the stability of the electrical grid.To simplify, imagine the power lines as giant coils. When the atmosphere changes rapidly, it can cause these coils to vibrate or oscillate. This vibration can lead to synchronization issues in the power grid, making it unstable and potentially causing outages.

Synchronization issues in the power grid often refer to the phase angle differences between the voltage waveforms of different parts of the grid. When the phase angles are not in sync, it means that the peaks and troughs of the voltage waveforms are not aligned, which can lead to instability in the grid.

In simpler terms, think of the power grid as a large orchestra. For the music (electricity) to flow smoothly, all the instruments (generators) need to play in harmony (synchronization). If one instrument is out of sync, it disrupts the harmony, causing issues.

The term “cos phi” (cosine of the phase angle) refers to the power factor, which is a measure of how effectively the electrical power is being used. When the phase angles are not aligned, the power factor deviates from its optimal value, leading to inefficiencies and potential disruptions

Headline News: Please refer to the link – https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/large-parts-spain-portugal-hit-by-power-outage-2025-04-28/

Similar to previously disclosed side-channel attacks. Manufacturer (AMD) response to researcher (30-03-2025)

Preface: On 24th Oct, 2024, Researchers from Azure® Research, Microsoft® have provided to AMD a paper titled “Principled Microarchitectural Isolation on Cloud CPUs.” In their paper, the researchers describe a potential side-channel vulnerability on AMD CPUs. AMD believes that existing mitigation recommendations for prime and probe side-channel attacks remain applicable to the presented vulnerability.

Background: A two-bit saturating up-down counter is a type of counter used in computer architecture, particularly in branch prediction mechanisms. Here’s a brief overview:

  • Two-bit: The counter uses two bits, allowing it to represent four states (00, 01, 10, 11).
  • Up-down: The counter can increment (count up) or decrement (count down) based on the input signal.
  • Saturating: The counter does not wrap around when it reaches its maximum (11) or minimum (00) value. Instead, it stays at these values if further increments or decrements are attempted.
How It Works:
  1. States: The counter has four states: 00, 01, 10, and 11.
  2. Incrementing: If the counter is at 11 and receives an increment signal, it remains at 11. Similarly, if it is at 00 and receives a decrement signal, it stays at 00.
  3. Usage: These counters are often used in branch prediction to keep track of the history of branch outcomes and make predictions based on this history.

Ref: The pattern history table (PHT) branch architecture is an example of an architecture using two-bit saturating up-down counters. It contains a table of two-bit counters used to predict the direction for conditional branches.

About Branch History Leak:

Researchers from The Harbin Institute of Technology have shared with AMD a paper titled “Branch History LeakeR: Leveraging Branch History to Construct a New Side Channel-Theory and Practice” that demonstrates a side channel attack using the Global History Register (GHR).  The GHR is used to assist in conditional branch prediction. The researchers note that the GHR is shared between different security domains and may retain data after a security domain switch.  After a return to the user-space, the researchers were able to infer the direction of recently executed conditional branches.

Official announcement: Please refer to the link for details – https://www.amd.com/en/resources/product-security/bulletin/amd-sb-7026.html