Preface: A CVE with similar symptoms occurred in March 2022.CVE-2022-22633 – A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in watchOS 8.5, iOS 15.4 and iPadOS 15.4, macOS Big Sur 11.6.5, macOS Monterey 12.3. Opening a maliciously crafted PDF file may lead to an unexpected application termination or arbitrary…

Preface: Log management allows you to monitor requests at any level (API, database, etc.) and see which are underperforming. Log management is based on log files.Log files are important data points for security and surveillance, providing a full history of events over time. Beyond operating systems, log files are found in applications, web browsers, hardware,…

Preface: The main difference is that FreeRTOS has traditionally been completely open source (MIT license) whereas ThreadX has traditionally been completely commercial / proprietary. Therefore, FreeRTOS is dominating the embedded RTOS market, with something like 20% of new projects using it. Background: Azure RTOS USBX is a high-performance USB host, device, and on-the-go (OTG) embedded…

Preface:If the operating system itself contains unknown technical matter. When 3rd party application installed, a vulnerability merely encounter on the specified software. Do you think operating system vendor should do the remedy? Or third party vendor take the responsibility? Background: Cybersecurity related to functional safety will be included Powergrid, public facilities and manufacturing industry. SCADA…

Preface: If a company or organization suffers a data breach, a significant concern is what PII might be exposed—the personal data of the customers that do business or otherwise interact with the entity. Exposed PII can be sold on the dark web and used to commit identity theft, putting breach victims at risk. Background: Within…

Preface: Looking back, a vulnerability was discovered in NVIDIA GPU Display Driver on 2016. A flaw exists in the kernel mode layer (nvlddmkm.sys) handler for DxgDdiEscape IDs 0x600000E, 0x600000F, and 0x6000010 due to improper validation of user-supplied input that is used as an index to an internal array. A local attacker can exploit this to…

Preface: There’s no needle with both ends pointed. The baseline requirements of ETSI EN 303 645 specifically have timely, automatic updates as one of its requirements. So the first step in best practice is to ensure that software updates can be delivered to your system, preferably automatically and over-the-air (OTA). Background: Traditionally, U-Boot is the…

Preface: Traditionally, the only way to enable that syscall in Linux was to enable CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE. However, since Linux v5.10.20 and v5.11.3, a new CONFIG_KCMP has been added to Linux to allow enabling sys_kcmp without having to enable CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE! Background: Secure computing mode ( seccomp ) is a Linux kernel feature. You can use it to…

Preface: Hardware debug modes and processor INIT setting that allow override of locks for some Intel(R) Processors in Intel(R) Boot Guard and Intel(R) TXT may allow an unauthenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via physical access. Background: Protection Class “Public” (historically also known as “Green” or “Locked”) is where all sets of debuggers…

Preface: KVM (Kernel based Virtual Machine) is an open source Linux kernel virtualization infrastructure2 which relies on the hardware virtualization technologies, fully integrated in the Linux kernel. Its first version was introduced in the 2.6.20 Linux kernel tree (released in February 2007). KVM developers are primarily funded by a technology startup called Qumranet, now owned…